Water of Hydration in Copper Sulfate
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A classical school laboratory experiment is to heat hydrated copper sulfate in a crucible to determine the percent by mass of water of hydration, and x in the formula CuSO₄·xH₂O.

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The percent by mass of water of hydration is calculated as the mass of water of hydration divided by the mass of hydrated copper sulfate.

In the formula CuSO₄·xH₂O, x is calculated as the amount of water of hydration divided by the amount of anhydrous copper sulfate.

Molar masses were calculated using Molar Mass Calculator and rounded to four significant figures.

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